Интеллектуальный мониторинг распределенных технологических объектов с использованием информационных моделей состояния

Работа посвящена вопросам построения интеллектуальных систем мониторинга крупномасштабных распределенных технологических объектов. Отличительной особенностью таких систем от систем класса АСУ ТП является необходимость определения фактического глобального состояния системы, предполагающегося неизменным на период горизонта планирования. Знание фактического глобального состояния системы может быть использовано для решения различных комплексных оптимизационных задач. Его представление в системе названо информационной моделью состояния. Информационная модель системы конструируется динамически из информационной модели объекта и временных рядов значений параметров и событий. В качестве примера рассмотрена задача оптимизации маршрутных карт технологического транспорта нефтегазодобывающего предприятия. Предложен поход к реализации функций формирования информационных моделей состояний на базе аспектно-ориентированной парадигмы

Think Eternally: Improved Algorithms for the Temp Secretary Problem and Extensions

The Temp Secretary Problem was recently introduced by [Fiat et al., ESA 2015]. It is a generalization of the Secretary Problem, in which commitments are temporary for a fixed duration. We present a simple online algorithm with improved performance guarantees for cases already considered by [Fiat et al., ESA 2015] and give competitive ratios for new generalizations of the problem. In the classical setting, where candidates have identical contract durations gamma << 1 and we are allowed to hire up to B candidates simultaneously, our algorithm is (1/2) - O(sqrt{gamma})-competitive. For large B, the bound improves to 1 - O(1/sqrt{B}) - O(sqrt{gamma}). Furthermore we generalize the problem from cardinality constraints towards general packing constraints. We achieve a competitive ratio of 1 - O(sqrt{(1+log(d) + log(B))/B}) - O(sqrt{gamma}), where d is the sparsity of the constraint matrix and B is generalized to the capacity ratio of linear constraints. Additionally we extend the problem towards arbitrary hiring durations. Our algorithmic approach is a relaxation that aggregates all temporal constraints into a non-temporal constraint. Then we apply a linear scaling algorithm that, on every arrival, computes a tentative solution on the input that is known up to this point. This tentative solution uses the non-temporal, relaxed constraints scaled down linearly by the amount of time that has already passed

Elektronische Deichsel für landwirtschaftliche Arbeitsmaschine - Auf dem Weg nach autonomen Landmaschinen

Diese Veröffentlichung stellt eine elektronische Deichsel für landwirtschaftliche Arbeitsmaschinen vor, die eine virtuelle Kopplung zwischen zwei Landmaschinen herstellen kann, damit eine mannlose Maschine einer führenden Maschine folgt und die gleiche Arbeit wie die führende gleichzeitig leisten kann. Die beiden Arbeitsmaschinen können im Feldeinsatz von einem Fahrer wie eine bedient und eingesetzt werden und die von einer Arbeitskraft im Feld bediente Leistung und Zugkraft können weiter gesteigert werden. In diesem Artikel wird zuerst der Systemaufbau der elektronischen Deichsel vorgestellt. Danach werden die Fahrmodi innerhalb der Deichsel gezeigt. Anschließend werden die Spurführung der mannlosen Maschine und die Kommunikation zwischen beiden Maschinen erläutert. Zum Schluss werden die Testergebnisse im realen Feld dargestellt

The calibration and evaluation of speed-dependent automatic zooming interfaces.

Speed-Dependent Automatic Zooming (SDAZ) is an exciting new navigation technique that couples the user's rate of motion through an information space with the zoom level. The faster a user scrolls in the document, the 'higher' they fly above the work surface. At present, there are few guidelines for the calibration of SDAZ. Previous work by Igarashi & Hinckley (2000) and Cockburn & Savage (2003) fails to give values for predefined constants governing their automatic zooming behaviour. The absence of formal guidelines means that SDAZ implementers are forced to adjust the properties of the automatic zooming by trial and error. This thesis aids calibration by identifying the low-level components of SDAZ. Base calibration settings for these components are then established using a formal evaluation recording participants' comfortable scrolling rates at different magnification levels. To ease our experiments with SDAZ calibration, we implemented a new system that provides a comprehensive graphical user interface for customising SDAZ behaviour. The system was designed to simplify future extensions---for example new components such as interaction techniques and methods to render information can easily be added with little modification to existing code. This system was used to configure three SDAZ interfaces: a text document browser, a flat map browser and a multi-scale globe browser. The three calibrated SDAZ interfaces were evaluated against three equivalent interfaces with rate-based scrolling and manual zooming. The evaluation showed that SDAZ is 10% faster for acquiring targets in a map than rate-based scrolling with manual zooming, and SDAZ is 4% faster for acquiring targets in a text document. Participants also preferred using automatic zooming over manual zooming. No difference was found for the globe browser for acquisition time or preference. However, in all interfaces participants commented that automatic zooming was less physically and mentally draining than manual zooming

Measurement of polarization transfer in the quasi-elastic 40Ca(e⃗,e′p⃗)^{40}{\rm Ca}(\vec{e},e' \vec{p}) process

Polarization transfer to a bound proton in polarized electron knock-out reactions, $\mathrm{A}(\vec{e},e^{\prime}\vec{p})$, is a powerful tool to look for in-medium modification of the bound proton. It requires comparison to calculations which consider the many-body effects accompanying the quasi-free process. We report here measured components $P_x^{\prime}$, $P_z^{\prime}$, and their ratio $P_x^{\prime}/P_z^{\prime}$, of polarization transfer to protons bound in $^{40}\mathrm{Ca}$, which is described well by the shell model and for which reliable calculations are available. While the calculations capture the essence of the data, our statistical precision allows us to observe deviations which cannot be explained by simple scaling, including by varying the proton electromagnetic form factor ratio $G_E/G_M$. We further explore the deviations of the ratio of the polarization transfer components from that of a free proton, $(P_x^{\prime}/P_z^{\prime})_{\rm A}/(P_x^{\prime}/P_z^{\prime})_{\rm H}$, and its dependence on the bound-proton virtuality